Ductile iron isimbi yakakura-yakasimba yakagadzirwa muma1950s.Hunhu hwayo hwakazara huri pedyo nehwesimbi.Zvichienderana nehunhu hwayo hwakanaka, yakashandiswa zvakabudirira kune mamwe ma castings ane yakakwirira kuita zvinodiwa pakushushikana, simba, kuoma, uye kupfeka kuramba.Ductile iron yakakurumidza kugadzirwa kuita simbi yakakandwa iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mushure megrey cast iron.Iyo inonzi "tsiva simbi nesimbi" inonyanya kureva ductile iron.

Nodular cast iron is nodular graphite inowanikwa kuburikidza nenodularization uye inoculation kurapwa, iyo inobudirira inovandudza michina yesimbi yakakandwa, kunyanya inovandudza plastiki uye kuoma, nekudaro kuwana yakakwirira simba kupfuura kabhoni simbi.

China Ductile Iron Development History

Simbi yakafukunurwa kubva panzvimbo yekunyungudutsa simbi pakati uye mukupera kweWestern Han Dynasty muTieshenggou, Gongxian County, Henan Province, uye yemazuva ano nodular cast iron haina kubudirira kugadzirwa kunze kwenyika kusvika 1947. Simbi yakakandwa muChina yekare ine yakaderera silicon content ye nguva yakareba.Kureva kuti, muWestern Han Dynasty angangoita makore 2000 apfuura, spherical graphite muChinese ironware yakapfaviswa neyepasi-silicon yenguruve iron castings iyo inowanikwa nekunyungudika.Iyi ndiyo yekare Chinese cast iron tekinoroji.Kubudirira kukuru kwehunyanzvi zvishamiso zvakare munhoroondo yesimbi munyika.

Muna 1981, nyanzvi dzeChinese ductile iron dzakashandisa nzira dzemazuva ano dzesainzi kudzidza 513 yekare Han uye Wei simbi zvinhu zvakafukunurwa, uye vakatsunga kubva kuhuwandu hwe data kuti nodular graphite cast iron yakaonekwa muChina muHan Dynasty.Mapepa ane hukama akaverengwa pa18th World Musangano weNhoroondo yeSainzi neTekinoroji, iyo yakafadza mavambo epasi rose uye nhoroondo yesainzi uye tekinoroji.International metallurgical history nyanzvi dzakasimbisa izvi muna 1987: China yekare yakanga yatowana mutemo wekushandisa ductile iron kugadzira nodular cast iron, iyo yakakosha zvikuru pakugadzirisazve nhoroondo yesimbi yepasi rose.

Composition

Cast iron isimbi-carbon alloy ine kabhoni inodarika 2.11%.Inowanikwa kubva kumaindasitiri enguruve simbi, simbi yakaraswa uye imwe simbi uye ayo alloy zvinhu kuburikidza nepamusoro-tembiricha kunyungudika uye kukanda kuumbwa.Pamusoro peFe, iyo kabhoni iri mune imwe simbi yakakandwa inonatswa nenzira yegraphite.Kana iyo graphite inonaya iri muchimiro chemitsetse, simbi yakaumbwa inodaidzwa kuti grey cast iron kana grey cast iron; simbi yakakandwa muchimiro chehonye inonzi vermicular graphite cast iron;simbi yakakandwa muchimiro chefloc inonzi simbi chena yakakandwa kana dare rechivanze,;simbi yakakandwa Simbi inokandwa inonzi ductile iron.

Kemikari ye spheroidal graphite cast iron kunze kwesimbi inowanzo: carbon content 3.0 ~ 4.0%, silicon content 1.8 ~ 3.2%, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur yakazara isingapfuuri 3.0% uye huwandu hwakakodzera hwemanodular zvinhu zvakadai sepasi risingawanzoitiki uye magnesium. .

Main performance

Ductile iron castings yakashandiswa mune angangoita ese makuru maindasitiri zvikamu, izvo zvinoda simba rakawanda, plastiki, kuoma, kupfeka kuramba, uye kuramba kwakasimba.

Heavy thermal uye mechanical shock, yakakwirira tembiricha kana yakaderera tembiricha kuramba, corrosion kuramba uye dimensional kugadzikana.Kuti usangane neshanduko idzi mumamiriro ebasa, nodular cast iron ine mamakisi akawanda, ichipa huwandu hwakasiyana hwemakanika uye emuviri zvivakwa.

Mazhinji eiyo ductile iron castings sezvakatsanangurwa neInternational Organisation for Standardization ISO1083 inogadzirwa zvakanyanya munzvimbo isina alloyed.Zviripachena, rudzi urwu runosanganisira epamusoro-simba mamakisi ane simba rekusimba rinopfuura 800 Newtons per square millimeter uye elongation ye2%.Imwe yakanyanyisa igiredhi repurasitiki repamusoro, rine kureba kwakakura kupfuura 17% uye simba rakaderera rinoenderana (zvishoma 370 N/mm2).Kusimba uye kurebesa handizvo chete hwaro hwevagadziri vekusarudza zvinhu, uye zvimwe zvakakosha zvakakosha zvinosanganisira goho simba, elastic modulus, kupfeka kuramba uye kuneta simba, kuoma uye kukanganisa kuita.Uye zvakare, corrosion kuramba uye oxidation kuramba pamwe nemagetsi emagetsi zvivakwa zvinogona kuve zvakakosha kune vanogadzira.Kuti usangane nekushandiswa kwakakosha uku, boka reaustenite ductile irons, rinowanzonzi Ni-Resis ductile irons, rakagadzirwa.Aya austenitic ductile irons anonyanya kusanganiswa nickel, chromium uye manganese, uye akanyorwa mumitemo yenyika.