Kuponyera ndalama, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti kutayika kwa sera, kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphamvu yokoka: sankhani zida zoyenera zogulira (monga parafini) kuti mupange nkhungu yandalama;mobwerezabwereza kumiza refractory ❖ kuyanika pa nkhungu ndalama, kuwaza refractory mchenga, kupanga nkhungu chipolopolo kuumitsa ndi youma, ndiye kusungunula nkhungu ndalama mkati kupeza nkhungu patsekeke;kuphika nkhungu chipolopolo kupeza mphamvu zokwanira, kuwotcha otsala ndalama nkhungu zipangizo;kuponyera kumafunika kulimbitsa ndi kuziziritsa zida zachitsulo, Pambuyo pobowola, kutulutsa madzi kudzachitika kuti mupeze zinthu zomalizidwa kwambiri.Chithandizo cha kutentha, kuzizira kozizira ndi chithandizo chapamwamba chidzachitidwa malinga ndi zosowa za mankhwala.

Mafakitole opangira mchenga ndi kupanga zinthu zambiri ayenera kupanga zinthu.Mzere wopangira makina akale a shaker kapena shaker wopangira makina opangira zida zapamwamba komanso njira zopangira pakatikati sizokwera mokwanira, kuchuluka kwa ntchito kwa ogwira ntchito ndikwambiri, phokoso ndilapamwamba, ndipo sikoyenera pazofunikira zopanga misa.Mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono amayenera kusinthidwa pang'onopang'ono Mzere wopingasa kapena woyimirira wokwera kwambiri wopangira makina opangira makina amakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso malo ang'onoang'ono apansi.Kwa ma castings apakati, mizere yopangira makina othamanga kwambiri okhala ndi bokosi ndi mizere yowumba yomwe imakhudza mpweya imatha kusankhidwa.Kukwaniritsa zofunikira za mizere yopangira mwachangu komanso yolondola kwambiri, njira yopangira maziko ingasankhidwe monga: kupanga bwino kwambiri kwa bokosi lozizira, bokosi lotentha, chipolopolo ndi njira zina zazikulu.

Kupanga utomoni woumitsa mchenga ndi kupanga pachimake kumatha kuganiziridwa ngati ma castings akulu ndi apakatikati. Pakupanga kwakukulu pamapangidwe ang'onoang'ono a batch, ma modeling amanja akadali njira yofunikira.Kujambula pamanja kumasinthasintha kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zosiyanasiyana ndipo safuna zida zambiri zamachitidwe.Madzi a galasi mchenga nkhungu, VRH madzi galasi mchenga nkhungu, organic ester madzi galasi self harding mchenga nkhungu, dongo youma mchenga nkhungu, utomoni kudziumitsa nkhungu mchenga ndi simenti nkhungu mchenga angagwiritsidwe ntchito;kwa castings lalikulu opangidwa ndi chidutswa chimodzi, dzenje nkhungu njira ali otsika mtengo kupanga, mofulumira kupanga liwiro, ndi kupanga misa kapena yaitali kupanga zinthu anamaliza, ndi oyenera Mipikisano bokosi ndi subbox akamaumba ngakhale ndalama za nkhungu ndi mchenga bokosi ndi mkulu, Koma akhoza kulipidwa ku mbali ya kupulumutsa kupanga nthawi ndi kuwongolera mankhwala khalidwe.

Kuponyedwa kochepa, kuponyera kufa, kuponyera kwa centrifugal ndi njira zina zoponyera ndizoyenera kupanga misa chifukwa cha mtengo wapamwamba wa zipangizo ndi nkhungu.

Mwachitsanzo, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga zida zazikulu zamakina ndi zida zina.Nthawi zambiri, njira yopangira pachimake imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mopanga nkhungu ndi bokosi la mchenga m'mafakitale ena.Mabizinesi omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yopangidwa ndi njira yopangira mchenga amakhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zopangira (kuphatikiza zida, malo, mtundu wa ogwira ntchito, ndi zina), zizolowezi zopanga komanso zokumana nazo zambiri.Malinga ndi mikhalidwe iyi, tiyenera kuganizira zomwe zili zoyenera komanso zomwe zimapangidwa Zomwe sizili zoyenera.

Njira zosiyanasiyana zoponyera zimakhala ndi kulondola kosiyana, kuyika ndalama koyambirira ndi zokolola, komanso phindu lomaliza lazachuma.Choncho, kuti mukwaniritse zambiri, mofulumira, bwino komanso mocheperapo, m'pofunika kuganizira mozama mbali zonse za njira zosankhidwa zoponyera ndalama zowonetsera mtengo woyambirira, kuti mudziwe njira zoponyera zomwe zili ndi phindu lalikulu lachuma ndikuwonetsetsa zofunikira zoponyera.

Ngakhale kuti chitukuko cha makampani China Foundry ndi mu nthawi yovuta, m'kupita kwa nthawi, pali chiyembekezo pa chitukuko cha China mwatsatanetsatane kuponya makampani, kufunika msika wayamba kunyamula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo ndi mphamvu yamphamvu ya China. chitukuko cha mafakitale, ndikukhulupirira kuti mafakitale aku China apanga zinthu zokondweretsa.

Akatswiri ananena kuti pofuna kupititsa patsogolo luso la zoulutsira zinthu, tiyenera kuchita mfundo zinayi izi:

1, Ndi kupanga luso kayeseleledwe, kusintha zolosera molondola, kulimbikitsa ndondomeko kulamulira, kusintha kumvetsa kupanga nthawi zonse, zomwe zimakhudza linanena bungwe kupanga mtanda.

2, Ndi kuphatikiza kupanga, kuphunzira ndi kafukufuku kuti mabizinesi sayenera kungowonjezera kuzindikira kwawo kwatsopano komanso luso la R & D, komanso amaphatikiza kufunikira ndi kulimbikitsa kuphatikiza kupanga, kuphunzira ndi kafukufuku, zomwe makamaka zimachokera pakuponyera mwatsatanetsatane. mabizinesi.

3, Ndilo maziko a makampani kulumikiza kufunika kwa zinthu kafukufuku ndi chitukuko.Panopa, pali ntchito yambiri yoti ichitike.M'munda wa Aeronautics ndi Astronautics, kafukufuku ndi teknoloji yosungunula ya zipangizo za alloy, makamaka superalloys, ziyenera kukonzedwa, ndipo pali kusiyana kwakukulu ndi mayiko akunja.

4, Chifukwa chake, kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha zida zoponyera mwatsatanetsatane akadali malo otentha.